def gini_index(groups, classes):
	# count all samples at split point
	n_instances = float(sum([len(group) for group in groups]))
	# sum weighted Gini index for each group
	gini = 0.0
	for group in groups:
		size = float(len(group))
		# avoid divide by zero
		if size == 0:
			continue
		score = 0.0
		# score the group based on the score for each class
		for class_val in classes:
            
			p = [row[-1] for row in group].count(class_val) / size
			score += p * p
		# weight the group score by its relative size
		gini += (1.0 - score) * (size / n_instances)
	return gini
 
# test Gini values
print(gini_index([[[1, 1], [1, 0]], [[1, 1], [1, 0]]], [0, 1]))
print(gini_index([[[1, 0], [1, 0]], [[1, 1], [1, 1]]], [0, 1]))